Ungodliness vs. Unrighteousness

A question was presented at Bible study last night that I had never considered before. What is the difference between ungodliness and unrighteousness? Our scripture reference at that point was Romans 1:18:


For the wrath of God is revealed from heaven against all ungodliness and unrighteousness of men, who hold the truth in unrighteousness;

For sure there must be a difference or it would not have been written as two separate things, right? The first thought that came to my mind was another scripture, Titus 2:11-12 (one of my favorites, btw), which also writes godly and righteously side by side as two separate ways of living:

For the grace of God that bringeth salvation hath appeared to all men, Teaching us that, denying ungodliness and worldly lusts, we should live soberly, righteously, and godly, in this present world;

I must admit that every time I’ve read either of these—ungodliness/unrighteousness and godly/righteously—I have always just grouped them together as one with a broad definition: right before God or not right before God. Well, it seems there is as little more to it…

UNGODLINESS

According to the Greek
 (G763, asebeia) also translated in KJV as “ungodly”
                1) want [lack] of reverence towards God, impiety, ungodliness

According to Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary
                1) the quality or state of being ungodly
                UNGODLY
                1) a: denying or disobeying God : impious, irreligious
                    b: contrary to moral law : sinful, wicked

Denying God. Hmmm…

UNRIGHTEOUSNESS

According to the Greek
(G93, adikia) also translated in KJV as “iniquity,” “unjust” and “wrong”
                1) injustice, of a judge
                2) unrighteousness of heart and life
                3) a deed violating law and justice, act of unrighteousness

According to Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary
                1) not righteous : sinful, wicked
                2) unjust, unmerited

GODLY

According to the Greek
(G2153, eusebos)
                1) piously, godly

According to Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary
                1) divine
                2) pious, devout

                PIOUS (a few of the definitions):
                1) marked by or showing reverence for deity and devotion to divine worship
                2) sacred or devotional as distinct from the profane or secular
                3) showing loyal reverence for a person or thing

RIGHTEOUSLY

According to the Greek
(G1346, dikaios) also translated in KJV “justly” and “to righteousness”
                1) just, agreeably to right
                2) properly, as is right
                3) uprightly, agreeable to the law of rectitude [morally correct behavior or thinking]

According to Merriam-Webster’s Dictionary
                1) acting in accord with divine or moral law : free from guilt or sin
                2) morally right or justifiable

I know that’s a lot of words to look at and put together, but for me the end result is this:

Righteousness/Unrighteousness: the way I choose to live in or out of obedience to God’s ways according to His truth

Godly/Ungodly (-ness): my reverence or lack thereof toward God as divine, holy and the final authority

Without godliness, then it seems, you cannot even have true righteousness—only self-righteousness that will fail by way of the law because this flesh is weak. True righteousness must come from a beginning place of reverence for God and what He did through Christ Jesus. “For with the heart man believeth unto righteousness…”( Rom 10:10a). 

Ephesians - Vocabulary List


PREDESTINATED (G4309, proorizō)
1) to predetermine, decide beforehand
2) in the NT of God decreeing from eternity
3) to foreordain, appoint beforehand

v. 1:5, 1:11

PRUDENCE (G5428, phronēsis)
1) understanding
2) knowledge and holy love of the will of God

v. 1:8

DISPENSATION (G3622, oikonomia)
1) the management of a household or of household affairs
                a) specifically, the management, oversight, administration, of other's property
                b) the office of a manager or overseer, stewardship
                c) administration, dispensation

Dictionary: (in Christian theology)—a divinely ordained order prevailing at a particular period of history.

v. 1:10, 3:2

WROUGHT (G1754, energeō) [also: Worketh]
1) to be operative, be at work, put forth power
                a) to work for one, aid one
2) to effect
3) to display one's activity, show one's self operative

v. 1:11, 1:20, 2:2, 3:20

FILLETH (G4137, plēroō)
1) to make full, to fill up, i.e. to fill to the full
                a) to cause to abound, to furnish or supply liberally
                                1) I abound, I am liberally supplied
2) to render full, i.e. to complete
                a) to fill to the top: so that nothing shall be wanting to full measure, fill to the brim
                b) to consummate: a number
                                1) to make complete in every particular, to render perfect
                                2) to carry through to the end, to accomplish, carry out, (some undertaking)
                c) to carry into effect, bring to realisation, realize
                                1) of matters of duty: to perform, execute
                                2) of sayings, promises, prophecies, to bring to pass, ratify, accomplish
                                3) to fulfil, i.e. to cause God's will (as made known in the law) to be obeyed as it should be, and God's promises (given through the prophets) to receive fulfillment

v. 1:23, 3:19, 4:10, 5:18

HABITATION (G2732, katoikētērion)
1) an abode, a habitation

Dictionary: the state or process of living in a particular place; a place in which to live

v. 2:22

EFFECTUAL WORKING (G1753, energeia) [also: Working]
1) working, efficiency
                a) in the NT used only of superhuman power, whether of God or of the Devil

v. 1:19, 3:7, 4:16

VOCATION (G2821, klēsis) [also: Calling]
1) a calling, calling to
2) a call, invitation
                a) to a feast
                b) of the divine invitation to embrace salvation of God

Dictionary: a strong urge toward a particular way of life or career; a profession or occupation; a function or station in life to which one is called by God

v. 1:18, 4:1, 4:4

MEASURE (G3358, metron)
1) measure, an instrument for measuring
                a) a vessel for receiving and determining the quantity of things, whether dry or liquid
                b) a graduated staff for measuring, a measuring rod
                c) proverbially, the rule or standard of judgment
2) determined extent, portion measured off, measure or limit
                a) the required measure, the due, fit, measure

v. 4:7, 4:13, 4:16

GIFT (G1431, dōrea)
1) a gift

Dictionary: a thing given willingly to someone without payment; a natural ability or talent

v. 3:7, 4:7

SLEIGHT (G2940, kybeia)
1) dice playing
2) metaph. the deception of men, because dice players sometimes cheated and defrauded their fellow players

Dictionary: (King James dictionary)—trickery; entrapment by deceit

v. 4:14

COMPACTED (G4822, symbibazō)
1) to cause to coalesce, to join together, put together
                `a) to unite or knit together: in affection
2) to put together in one's mind
                a) to compare
                b) to gather, conclude, consider
3) to cause a person to unite with one in a conclusion or come to the same opinion, to prove, demonstrate
                a) to teach, instruct, one

v. 4:16

JOINT (G860, haphē)
1) bond, connection

v. 4:16

LASCIVIOUSNESS (G766, aselgeia)
1) unbridled lust, excess, licentiousness, lasciviousness, wantonness, outrageousness, shamelessness, insolence

Dictionary: feeling or reveling an overt and often offensive sexual desire: promiscuous and unprincipled in sexual matters

v. 4:19

CONVERSATION (G391, anastrophē)
1) manner of life, conduct, behaviour, deportment

v. 4:22

CLAMOUR (G2906, kraugē)
1) a crying, outcry, clamour

Dictionary: a loud and confused noise, esp. that of people shouting vehemently

v. 4:31

MALICE (G2549, kakia)
1) malignity, malice, ill-will, desire to injure
2) wickedness, depravity
                a) wickedness that is not ashamed to break laws
3) evil, trouble

v. 4:31

JESTING (G2160, eutrapelia)
1) pleasantry, humour, facetiousness
2) in a bad sense
                a) scurrility, ribaldry, low jesting

Dictionary: facetious—treating serious issues with deliberately inappropriate humor; flippant

v. 5:4

CIRCUMSPECTLY (G199, akribōs)
1) exactly, accurately, diligently

Dictionary: wary and unwilling to take risks

v. 5:15

REPROVE (G1651, elegchō)
1) to convict, refute, confute
                a) generally with a suggestion of shame of the person convicted
                b) by conviction to bring to the light, to expose
2) to find fault with, correct
                a) by word
                                1) to reprehend severely, chide, admonish, reprove
                                2) to call to account, show one his fault, demand an explanation
                b) by deed
                                1) to chasten, to punish

Dictionary: reprimand or censure; prove someone/something wrong

v. 5:11, 5:13

REDEEMING [the time] (G1805, exagorazō)
1) to redeem
                a) by payment of a price to recover from the power of another, to ransom, buy off
                b) metaph. of Christ freeing the elect from the dominion of the Mosaic Law at the price of his    vicarious death
2) to buy up, to buy up for one's self, for one's use
                a) to make wise and sacred use of every opportunity for doing good, so that zeal and well doing               are as it were the purchase money by which we make the time our own

v. 5:16

SUBMIT (G5293, hypotassō) [also: Put, Subject]
1) to arrange under, to subordinate
2) to subject, put in subjection
3) to subject one's self, obey
4) to submit to one's control
5) to yield to one's admonition or advice
6) to obey, be subject

**Greek military term: to arrange (troop divisions) in a military fashion under the command of one leader.

**Non-military use: voluntary attitude of giving in, cooperating, assuming responsibility, and carrying a burden.

v. 1:22, 5:21, 5:22, 5:24

NOURISHETH (G1625, ektrephō) [also: Bring Up]
1) to nourish up to maturity, to nourish
2) to nurture, bring up

Dictionary: provide with food or other substances necessary for growth, health and good condition; enhance the fertility (of the soil)

v. 5:29, 6:4

CHERISHETH (G2282, thalpō)
1) to warm, keep warm
2) to cherish with tender love, to foster with tender care

Dictionary: protect and care for; hold dear

v. 5:29

REVERENCE (G5399, phobeō)
1) to put to flight by terrifying (to scare away)
                a) to put to flight, to flee
                b) to fear, be afraid
                                1) to be struck with fear, to be seized with alarm
                                                a) of those startled by strange sights or occurrences
                                                b) of those struck with amazement
                                2) to fear, be afraid of one
                                3) to fear (i.e. hesitate) to do something (for fear of harm)
                c) to reverence, venerate, to treat with deference or reverential obedience

Dictionary: show deep respect for someone or something

v. 5:33

SINGLENESS (G572, haplotēs)
1) singleness, simplicity, sincerity, mental honesty
                a) the virtue of one who is free from pretence and hypocrisy
2) not self seeking, openness of heart manifesting itself by generousity

Dictionary: archaic—free from duplicity or deceit, ingenuous

v. 6:5

WRESTLE (G3823, palē)
1) wrestling (a contest between two in which each endeavours to throw the other, and which is decided when the victor is able to hold his opponent down with his hand upon his neck)
                a) the term is transferred to the Christian's struggle with the power of evil

Dictionary: to take part in a fight that involved grappeling with one’s opponent and trying to throw/force them to the ground; force one into a particular position of place by fighting in such a way; move or manipulate something in a specified way with difficulty or effort; stuggle with a difficulty or problem.

v. 6:12

PRINCIPALITY (G746, archē)
1) beginning, origin
2) the person or thing that commences, the first person or thing in a series, the leader
3) that by which anything begins to be, the origin, the active cause
4) the extremity of a thing
                a) of the corners of a sail
5) the first place, principality, rule, magistracy
                a) of angels and demons

v. 1:21, 3:21, 6:12

POWER (G1849, exousia)
1) power of choice, liberty of doing as one pleases
                a) leave or permission
2) physical and mental power
                a) the ability or strength with which one is endued, which he either possesses or exercises
3) the power of authority (influence) and of right (privilege)
4) the power of rule or government (the power of him whose will and commands must be submitted to by others and obeyed)
                a) universally
                                1) authority over mankind
                b) specifically
                                1) the power of judicial decisions
                                2) of authority to manage domestic affairs
                c) metonymically
                                1) a thing subject to authority or rule
                                                a) jurisdiction
                                2) one who possesses authority
                                                a) a ruler, a human magistrate
                                                b) the leading and more powerful among created beings superior to man,                                                           spiritual potentates
`               d) a sign of the husband's authority over his wife
                                1) the veil with which propriety required a women to cover herself
                e) the sign of regal authority, a crown

v. 1:21, 2:2, 3:10, 6:12

SUPPLICATION (G1162, deēsis)
1) need, indigence, want, privation, penury
2) a seeking, asking, entreating, entreaty to God or to man

Dictionary: ask earnestly or anxiously to do or for something; earnest or humble request

v. 6:18

Labour - Part 3

Greek Definition 5

G2041, ergon: business, employment, that which any one is occupied--that which one undertakes to do, enterprise, undertaking; any product whatever, any thing accomplished by hand, art, industry or mind; an act, deed, thing done: the idea or working is emphasized in opposition to that which is less than work.

Scripture Occurrences

Phil 1:22 "But if I live in the flesh, this [is] the fruit of my labour: yet what I shall choose I wot not."

Heb 6:10 "For God [is] not unrighteous to forget your work and labour of love, which ye have shewed toward his name, in that ye have ministered to the saints, and do minister."

Rev 2:2 "I know thy works, and thy labour, and thy patience, and how thou canst not bear them which are evil: and thou hast tried them which say they are apostles, and are not, and hast found them liars:"

Greek Definition 6

G4704, spoudazo: to hasten, make haste; to exert one's self, endeavor, give diligence

Scripture Occurrences

Heb 4:11 "Let us labour therefore to enter into that rest, lest any man fall after the same example of unbelief."

Summary

Let's recap: the English word "labour" in the KJV New Testament is derived from six different Greek words, each with a unique meaning, emphasizing various forms of works, deeds, and even troubles in this life. I hope you have found something new here and take this information with you into your studies. Don't forget to always seek the guidance of the Holy Spirit for He is sent to guide us into all truth.

Be blessed in Jesus name.

Check out some of our other word studies.

Labour - Part 2

Greek Definition 2

G2038, ergazomai: to work, labour, do work; to trade, to make gains by trading, "do business;" to do, work out (exercise, perform, commit, to cause to exist, produce); to work for, earn by working, to acquire

Scripture Occurrences

John 6:27 "Labour not for the meat which perisheth, but for that meat which endureth unto everlasting life, which the Son of man shall give unto you: for him hath God the Father sealed."

1 Thess 2:9 "For ye remember, brethren, our labour and travail: for labouring night and day, because we would not be chargeable unto any of you, we preached unto you the gospel of God."

Greek Definition 3

G2873, kopos: a beating; a beating of the breast with grief/sorrow; labour--trouble, to cause one trouble, make for him; intense labour united with trouble & toil

Scripture Occurences

1 Cor 3:8 "Now he that planteth and he that watereth are one: and every man shall receive his own reward according to his own labour."

1 Cor 15:58 "Therefore, my beloved brethren, be ye stedfast, unmoveable, always abounding in the work of the Lord, forasmuch as ye know that your labour is not in vain in the Lord."

2 Cor 6:5 "In stripes, in imprisonments, in tumults, in labours, in watchings, in fastings;"

2 Cor 10:15 "Not boasting of things without [our] measure, [that is], of other men's labours; but having hope, when your faith is increased, that we shall be enlarged by you according to our rule abundantly,"

2 Cor 11:23 "Are they ministers of Christ? (I speak as a fool) I [am] more; in labours more abundant, in stripes above measure, in prisons more frequent, in deaths oft."

1 Thess 1:3 "Remembering without ceasing your work of faith, and labour of love, and patience of hope in our Lord Jesus Christ, in the sight of God and our Father;"

1 Thess 2:9 "For ye remember, brethren, our labour and travail: for labouring night and day, because we would not be chargeable unto any of you, we preached unto you the gospel of God."

1 Thess 3:5 "For this cause, when I could no longer forbear, I sent to know your faith, lest by some means the tempter have tempted you, and our labour be in vain."

2 Thess 3:8 "Neither did we eat any man's bread for nought; but wrought with labour and travail night and day, that we might not be chargeable to any of you:"

Rev 14:13 "And I heard a voice from heaven saying unto me, Write, Blessed [are] the dead which die in the Lord from henceforth: Yea, saith the Spirit, that they may rest from their labours; and their works do follow them."

Greek Definition 4

G5389, philotimeomai: to be fond of honour--to be actuated by love of honour, from a love of honor to strive to bring something to pass; to be ambitious--to strive earnestly, make it one's aim

Scripture Occurrences

2 Cor 5:9 "Wherefore we labour, that, whether present or absent, we may be accepted of him."

Continue Reading Greek Definitions 5-6

Labour - Part 1

The Understanding the Language series works to connect individual words/phrases from New Testament scripture and our understanding of their original Greek definitions to bring us a deeper level of comprehension of the Word of God.

“How much better [is it] to get wisdom than gold! and to get understanding rather to be chosen than silver!” (Prov 16:16)


All scriptures are taken from the KJV and the information provided is for your reference in Bible study. To truly achieve a complete understanding in your studies: take the knowledge of the individual definitions, seek the guidance and revelation of the Holy Spirit, and always study a scripture in context of the whole chapter or book, or complete thought of the writer (for those longer books/chapters with multiple events or messages conveyed).

Now let's get started...

The word “labour” occurs many times in the New Testament; however, the one English word stems from six differing Greek words, each with a unique meaning. We often use a single English definition—the one we are most familiar with—in our initial understanding of the scriptures. It’s helpful in a more in-depth study to understand the message being conveyed by first understanding the individual definitions of the word “labour” as it was originally written.

MODERN DAY ENGLISH DEFINITIONS

Labor (noun): productive activity, especially for the sake of economic gain; physical or mental work, especially of a hard or fatiguing kind, toil; a job or task done or to be done

Labor (verb): to perform labor, exert one’s powers of body or mind, work, toil; to strive, as toward a goal, work hard; to act, behave or function at a disadvantage

OLD ENGLISH TRANSLATIONS

Labour, Laboureth, Labours, Laboured, Labouring

GREEK DEFINITION 1

G2872, kopiao: grow weary, tired, exhausted (w/toil, burdens, grief); labour w/wearisome effort, to toil (of bodily labour)

SCRIPTURE OCCURRENCES

Matt 11:28 “Come unto me, all [ye] that labour and are heavy laden, and I will give you rest.”

John 4:38 “I sent you to reap that whereon ye bestowed no labour: other men laboured, and ye are entered into their labours.”

Acts 20:35 “I have shewed you all things, how that so labouring ye ought to support the weak, and to remember the words of the Lord Jesus, how he said, It is more blessed to give than to receive.”

Rom 16:6 “Greet Mary, who bestowed much labour on us.”

Rom 16:12 “Salute Tryphena and Tryphosa, who labour in the Lord. Salute the beloved Persis, which laboured much in the Lord.”

1 Cor 4:12 “And labour, working with our own hands: being reviled, we bless; being persecuted, we suffer it:”

1 Cor 15:10 “But by the grace of God I am what I am: and his grace which [was bestowed] upon me was not in vain; but I laboured more abundantly than they all: yet not I, but the grace of God which was with me.”

1Cor 16:16 “That ye submit yourselves unto such, and to every one that helpeth with [us], and laboureth.”

Gal 4:11 “I am afraid of you, lest I have bestowed upon you labour in vain.”

Eph 4:28 “Let him that stole steal no more: but rather let him labour, working with [his] hands the thing which is good, that he may have to give to him that needeth.”

Phil 2:16 “Holding forth the word of life; that I may rejoice in the day of Christ, that I have not run in vain, neither laboured in vain.”

Col 1:29 “Whereunto I also labour, striving according to his working, which worketh in me mightily.”

1 Thes 5:12 “And we beseech you, brethren, to know them which labour among you, and are over you in the Lord, and admonish you;”

1 Tim 4:10 “For therefore we both labour and suffer reproach, because we trust in the living God, who is the Saviour of all men, specially of those that believe.”

1 Tim 5:17 “Let the elders that rule well be counted worthy of double honour, especially they who labour in the word and doctrine.”

2 Tim 2:6 “The husbandman that laboureth must be first partaker of the fruits.”

Rev 2:3 “And hast borne, and hast patience, and for my name's sake hast laboured, and hast not fainted.”

Continue Reading Greek Definitions 2-4